With the exploit installed, the user is able to run programs from Memory Cards, optical discs, network or USB flash drives. Installation is accomplished either from a console (modified or with the exploit already installed), a Memory Card reader/writer, a disc swapping technique or through the use of some commercial programs allowing USB flash drive to Memory Card transferences, such as Code Breaker (versions 8 and higher) or Action Replay MAX, by transferring a modified System Settings save file.Īlternatively a more involved method can be used, through the combination of a hard disk loader program ( HD Loader/ HD Advance), an ISO image installer program for PS2 (such as WinHiip), and an image of some program allowing installation (such as Ubergeek's Exploit Installer ) Triggering the exploit requires a way of installing the modified files to the Memory Card, which is not possible by normal means.

The latter is also used on swap discs for the original PlayStation. They use a tool to open the disc drive tray without the PS2 knowing on 'fat' units or using a different tool to push the 'flap closed' sensor on slimline units. These swap techniques use a hardware exploit of the PlayStation 2. The discovery of this vulnerability in the PS2's software opens up the possibility of running programs created by the PS2 homebrew developer community without the need for a modchip or disc swapping techniques (e.g. Normally, only programs encrypted by Sony, such as the DVD player, will run from the Memory Card. The exploit relies on creating a deliberately incorrect entry inside this file, which triggers a buffer overflow and, combined with a small stub loader located in the file, allows the execution of unencrypted code from the Memory Card upon the insertion of a specific PS1 game. This file is a database of special options to be applied to specific PS1 games for their correct operation.

When a PlayStation (PS1) game is loaded in the PlayStation 2, the console looks for a file called TITLE.DB which, if present, is located in the Memory Card's directory BxDATA-SYSTEM (where x is a letter corresponding to the console's region –e.g.: E for the EU, A for the USA or I for Japan, this directory corresponds to the System Settings save).

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